ABSTRACT
La Hepatitis A (HVA), también llamada hepatitis infecciosa, transmitida por alimentos, epidémica,ictericia catarral o epidémica, entre otros, es una enfermedad producida por un agente viral que se trasmite por vía fecal oral y generalmente su curso es autolimitado, aunque, puede progresar ahepatitis fulminante ocasionando la muerte a una proporción pequeña de los infectados. Pertenece al géner o Hepatovir us de la Familia Picornaviridae. La HVA, tiene una distribución universal, aunque con grandes diferencias geográficas en cuanto a su prevalencia, ocurre en forma esporádica y epidémica en todo el mundo, con una tendencia a presentarse en ciclos. La HVA, tiene un periodo de incubación prolongado, entre 15 a 50 días, con un promedio de 29 días, lo que hace difícil relacionar los síntomas con algún alimento o bebida ingerida. El diagnostico de la HVA, se basa en la detección de anticuerpos contra el VHA tipo IgM e IgG. El tratamiento básicamente es de soporte, sintomático y en casos de falla hepática, el trasplante es la única opción. La inmunoglobulina confiere inmunidad pasiva a corto plazo mientras la vacuna provee una protección activa a largo plazo.
Hepatitis A (HVA), also called infectious hepatitis, foodborne, epidemic, or epidemic or catarrhaljaundice, among others, is a disease caused by a viral agent that spreads through fecal-oral routeand usually self-limited course, although fulminant hepatitis can progress to causing death to a small proportion of those infected. Is a Hepatovirus genus of the Picornaviridae Family. The HVA, has a worldwide distribution, but with large geographical differences in its prevalence, occurs in sporadic and epidemic worldwide, with a tendency to occur in cycles. The HVA, has a long incubation period between 15 to 50 days, with an average of 29 days, making it difficult to correlate symptoms with food or drink intake. The diagnosis of HVA was based on the detection of antibodies against HAV IgM and IgG.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Hepatitis A/classification , Hepatitis A/complications , Hepatitis A/diagnosis , Hepatitis A/epidemiology , Hepatitis A/mortality , Hepatitis A/prevention & control , Hepatitis A/virology , Hepatitis A Vaccines/administration & dosage , Hepatitis A Vaccines/classification , Hepatitis A Vaccines , Hepatovirus/classification , Hepatovirus/growth & development , Hepatitis A Vaccines/pharmacokinetics , Hepatitis A Vaccines/pharmacology , Hepatitis A VaccinesABSTRACT
Studies were carried out to determine the effect of prolongation of incubation periods, cocultivation with normal buffalo green monkey kidney (BGMK) cells and different concentrations of foetal calf serum (FCS) on the production of hepatitis A virus (HAV) by BGMK cell line persistently infected with HAV strain HM175. HAV could be detected from week 1 onwards. However, maintenance of cultures beyond this period was found to yield substantially higher quantities of virus. Cocultivation of persistently infected cells with normal BGMK cells also improved the antigen yields. Different concentrations of FCS did not show any effect on the amount of virus produced. The cell line was maintained up to 46 passages during which there was continuous production of HAV in the cells and release of small amounts of virus in the culture supernatants. Cell associated and cell free viral particles were found to be infectious. Supernatant derived virus was a highly suitable inoculum for infecting other susceptible cell lines. Persistently infected BGMK cell line appears to be a reliable and economical source to derive HAV in adequate amounts for diagnostic and research purposes.
Subject(s)
Animals , Cell Line/microbiology , Chlorocebus aethiops/microbiology , Chronic Disease , Hepatitis A/diagnosis , Hepatovirus/growth & development , Kidney/microbiology , Virus Cultivation/methodsABSTRACT
A hepatitis A virus (HAV, HAF-203) isolated in Brazil was submitted to 8 serial passages through fetal Rhesus kidney cells (FRhK-4). The kinetics of replication were monitored by enzyme immunoassay (EIA-HAVAg) and cDNA-RNA dot blot hybridization. The maximum level of RNA, which was observed 21 days post-infection (p.i.) during the 3rd passage, when HAVAg was still undetectable by EIA, served as a basis to establish subsequent passages every 21 days p.i. This schedule of passage resulted in a progressive reduction of time between culture infection and HAVAg and RNA production, together with an enhancement in antigen titer content of cell lysates. During the 7th passage, maximum HAVAg and RNA levels were detected at 7 days. Fourteen days after the 8th passage, clear morphological modifications appeared, suggesting a good adaptation of HAF-203 to FRhK-4 cells. Obtaining a fast-growing Brazilian HAV is very important for the development of vaccines